/**
 * @license AngularJS v1.5.0
 * (c) 2010-2016 Google, Inc. http://angularjs.org
 * License: MIT
 */
(function(window, angular, undefined) {

    'use strict';

    /**
     * @ngdoc object
     * @name angular.mock
     * @description
     *
     * Namespace from 'angular-mocks.js' which contains testing related code.
     */
    angular.mock = {};

    /**
     * ! This is a private undocumented service !
     *
     * @name $browser
     *
     * @description
     * This service is a mock implementation of {@link ng.$browser}. It provides fake
     * implementation for commonly used browser apis that are hard to test, e.g. setTimeout, xhr,
     * cookies, etc...
     *
     * The api of this service is the same as that of the real {@link ng.$browser $browser}, except
     * that there are several helper methods available which can be used in tests.
     */
    angular.mock.$BrowserProvider = function() {
        this.$get = function() {
            return new angular.mock.$Browser();
        };
    };

    angular.mock.$Browser = function() {
        var self = this;

        this.isMock = true;
        self.$$url = "http://server/";
        self.$$lastUrl = self.$$url; // used by url polling fn
        self.pollFns = [];

        // TODO(vojta): remove this temporary api
        self.$$completeOutstandingRequest = angular.noop;
        self.$$incOutstandingRequestCount = angular.noop;


        // register url polling fn

        self.onUrlChange = function(listener) {
            self.pollFns.push(
                function() {
                    if (self.$$lastUrl !== self.$$url || self.$$state !== self.$$lastState) {
                        self.$$lastUrl = self.$$url;
                        self.$$lastState = self.$$state;
                        listener(self.$$url, self.$$state);
                    }
                }
            );

            return listener;
        };

        self.$$applicationDestroyed = angular.noop;
        self.$$checkUrlChange = angular.noop;

        self.deferredFns = [];
        self.deferredNextId = 0;

        self.defer = function(fn, delay) {
            delay = delay || 0;
            self.deferredFns.push({time:(self.defer.now + delay), fn:fn, id: self.deferredNextId});
            self.deferredFns.sort(function(a, b) { return a.time - b.time;});
            return self.deferredNextId++;
        };


        /**
         * @name $browser#defer.now
         *
         * @description
         * Current milliseconds mock time.
         */
        self.defer.now = 0;


        self.defer.cancel = function(deferId) {
            var fnIndex;

            angular.forEach(self.deferredFns, function(fn, index) {
                if (fn.id === deferId) fnIndex = index;
            });

            if (angular.isDefined(fnIndex)) {
                self.deferredFns.splice(fnIndex, 1);
                return true;
            }

            return false;
        };


        /**
         * @name $browser#defer.flush
         *
         * @description
         * Flushes all pending requests and executes the defer callbacks.
         *
         * @param {number=} number of milliseconds to flush. See {@link #defer.now}
         */
        self.defer.flush = function(delay) {
            if (angular.isDefined(delay)) {
                self.defer.now += delay;
            } else {
                if (self.deferredFns.length) {
                    self.defer.now = self.deferredFns[self.deferredFns.length - 1].time;
                } else {
                    throw new Error('No deferred tasks to be flushed');
                }
            }

            while (self.deferredFns.length && self.deferredFns[0].time <= self.defer.now) {
                self.deferredFns.shift().fn();
            }
        };

        self.$$baseHref = '/';
        self.baseHref = function() {
            return this.$$baseHref;
        };
    };
    angular.mock.$Browser.prototype = {

        /**
         * @name $browser#poll
         *
         * @description
         * run all fns in pollFns
         */
        poll: function poll() {
            angular.forEach(this.pollFns, function(pollFn) {
                pollFn();
            });
        },

        url: function(url, replace, state) {
            if (angular.isUndefined(state)) {
                state = null;
            }
            if (url) {
                this.$$url = url;
                // Native pushState serializes & copies the object; simulate it.
                this.$$state = angular.copy(state);
                return this;
            }

            return this.$$url;
        },

        state: function() {
            return this.$$state;
        },

        notifyWhenNoOutstandingRequests: function(fn) {
            fn();
        }
    };


    /**
     * @ngdoc provider
     * @name $exceptionHandlerProvider
     *
     * @description
     * Configures the mock implementation of {@link ng.$exceptionHandler} to rethrow or to log errors
     * passed to the `$exceptionHandler`.
     */

    /**
     * @ngdoc service
     * @name $exceptionHandler
     *
     * @description
     * Mock implementation of {@link ng.$exceptionHandler} that rethrows or logs errors passed
     * to it. See {@link ngMock.$exceptionHandlerProvider $exceptionHandlerProvider} for configuration
     * information.
     *
     *
     * ```js
     *   describe('$exceptionHandlerProvider', function() {
 *
 *     it('should capture log messages and exceptions', function() {
 *
 *       module(function($exceptionHandlerProvider) {
 *         $exceptionHandlerProvider.mode('log');
 *       });
 *
 *       inject(function($log, $exceptionHandler, $timeout) {
 *         $timeout(function() { $log.log(1); });
 *         $timeout(function() { $log.log(2); throw 'banana peel'; });
 *         $timeout(function() { $log.log(3); });
 *         expect($exceptionHandler.errors).toEqual([]);
 *         expect($log.assertEmpty());
 *         $timeout.flush();
 *         expect($exceptionHandler.errors).toEqual(['banana peel']);
 *         expect($log.log.logs).toEqual([[1], [2], [3]]);
 *       });
 *     });
 *   });
     * ```
     */

    angular.mock.$ExceptionHandlerProvider = function() {
        var handler;

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $exceptionHandlerProvider#mode
         *
         * @description
         * Sets the logging mode.
         *
         * @param {string} mode Mode of operation, defaults to `rethrow`.
         *
         *   - `log`: Sometimes it is desirable to test that an error is thrown, for this case the `log`
         *            mode stores an array of errors in `$exceptionHandler.errors`, to allow later
         *            assertion of them. See {@link ngMock.$log#assertEmpty assertEmpty()} and
         *            {@link ngMock.$log#reset reset()}
         *   - `rethrow`: If any errors are passed to the handler in tests, it typically means that there
         *                is a bug in the application or test, so this mock will make these tests fail.
         *                For any implementations that expect exceptions to be thrown, the `rethrow` mode
         *                will also maintain a log of thrown errors.
         */
        this.mode = function(mode) {

            switch (mode) {
                case 'log':
                case 'rethrow':
                    var errors = [];
                    handler = function(e) {
                        if (arguments.length == 1) {
                            errors.push(e);
                        } else {
                            errors.push([].slice.call(arguments, 0));
                        }
                        if (mode === "rethrow") {
                            throw e;
                        }
                    };
                    handler.errors = errors;
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new Error("Unknown mode '" + mode + "', only 'log'/'rethrow' modes are allowed!");
            }
        };

        this.$get = function() {
            return handler;
        };

        this.mode('rethrow');
    };


    /**
     * @ngdoc service
     * @name $log
     *
     * @description
     * Mock implementation of {@link ng.$log} that gathers all logged messages in arrays
     * (one array per logging level). These arrays are exposed as `logs` property of each of the
     * level-specific log function, e.g. for level `error` the array is exposed as `$log.error.logs`.
     *
     */
    angular.mock.$LogProvider = function() {
        var debug = true;

        function concat(array1, array2, index) {
            return array1.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(array2, index));
        }

        this.debugEnabled = function(flag) {
            if (angular.isDefined(flag)) {
                debug = flag;
                return this;
            } else {
                return debug;
            }
        };

        this.$get = function() {
            var $log = {
                log: function() { $log.log.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0)); },
                warn: function() { $log.warn.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0)); },
                info: function() { $log.info.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0)); },
                error: function() { $log.error.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0)); },
                debug: function() {
                    if (debug) {
                        $log.debug.logs.push(concat([], arguments, 0));
                    }
                }
            };

            /**
             * @ngdoc method
             * @name $log#reset
             *
             * @description
             * Reset all of the logging arrays to empty.
             */
            $log.reset = function() {
                /**
                 * @ngdoc property
                 * @name $log#log.logs
                 *
                 * @description
                 * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#log `log()`}.
                 *
                 * @example
                 * ```js
                 * $log.log('Some Log');
                 * var first = $log.log.logs.unshift();
                 * ```
                 */
                $log.log.logs = [];
                /**
                 * @ngdoc property
                 * @name $log#info.logs
                 *
                 * @description
                 * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#info `info()`}.
                 *
                 * @example
                 * ```js
                 * $log.info('Some Info');
                 * var first = $log.info.logs.unshift();
                 * ```
                 */
                $log.info.logs = [];
                /**
                 * @ngdoc property
                 * @name $log#warn.logs
                 *
                 * @description
                 * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#warn `warn()`}.
                 *
                 * @example
                 * ```js
                 * $log.warn('Some Warning');
                 * var first = $log.warn.logs.unshift();
                 * ```
                 */
                $log.warn.logs = [];
                /**
                 * @ngdoc property
                 * @name $log#error.logs
                 *
                 * @description
                 * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#error `error()`}.
                 *
                 * @example
                 * ```js
                 * $log.error('Some Error');
                 * var first = $log.error.logs.unshift();
                 * ```
                 */
                $log.error.logs = [];
                /**
                 * @ngdoc property
                 * @name $log#debug.logs
                 *
                 * @description
                 * Array of messages logged using {@link ng.$log#debug `debug()`}.
                 *
                 * @example
                 * ```js
                 * $log.debug('Some Error');
                 * var first = $log.debug.logs.unshift();
                 * ```
                 */
                $log.debug.logs = [];
            };

            /**
             * @ngdoc method
             * @name $log#assertEmpty
             *
             * @description
             * Assert that all of the logging methods have no logged messages. If any messages are present,
             * an exception is thrown.
             */
            $log.assertEmpty = function() {
                var errors = [];
                angular.forEach(['error', 'warn', 'info', 'log', 'debug'], function(logLevel) {
                    angular.forEach($log[logLevel].logs, function(log) {
                        angular.forEach(log, function(logItem) {
                            errors.push('MOCK $log (' + logLevel + '): ' + String(logItem) + '\n' +
                                (logItem.stack || ''));
                        });
                    });
                });
                if (errors.length) {
                    errors.unshift("Expected $log to be empty! Either a message was logged unexpectedly, or " +
                        "an expected log message was not checked and removed:");
                    errors.push('');
                    throw new Error(errors.join('\n---------\n'));
                }
            };

            $log.reset();
            return $log;
        };
    };


    /**
     * @ngdoc service
     * @name $interval
     *
     * @description
     * Mock implementation of the $interval service.
     *
     * Use {@link ngMock.$interval#flush `$interval.flush(millis)`} to
     * move forward by `millis` milliseconds and trigger any functions scheduled to run in that
     * time.
     *
     * @param {function()} fn A function that should be called repeatedly.
     * @param {number} delay Number of milliseconds between each function call.
     * @param {number=} [count=0] Number of times to repeat. If not set, or 0, will repeat
     *   indefinitely.
     * @param {boolean=} [invokeApply=true] If set to `false` skips model dirty checking, otherwise
     *   will invoke `fn` within the {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$apply $apply} block.
     * @param {...*=} Pass additional parameters to the executed function.
     * @returns {promise} A promise which will be notified on each iteration.
     */
    angular.mock.$IntervalProvider = function() {
        this.$get = ['$browser', '$rootScope', '$q', '$$q',
            function($browser,   $rootScope,   $q,   $$q) {
                var repeatFns = [],
                    nextRepeatId = 0,
                    now = 0;

                var $interval = function(fn, delay, count, invokeApply) {
                    var hasParams = arguments.length > 4,
                        args = hasParams ? Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 4) : [],
                        iteration = 0,
                        skipApply = (angular.isDefined(invokeApply) && !invokeApply),
                        deferred = (skipApply ? $$q : $q).defer(),
                        promise = deferred.promise;

                    count = (angular.isDefined(count)) ? count : 0;
                    promise.then(null, null, (!hasParams) ? fn : function() {
                        fn.apply(null, args);
                    });

                    promise.$$intervalId = nextRepeatId;

                    function tick() {
                        deferred.notify(iteration++);

                        if (count > 0 && iteration >= count) {
                            var fnIndex;
                            deferred.resolve(iteration);

                            angular.forEach(repeatFns, function(fn, index) {
                                if (fn.id === promise.$$intervalId) fnIndex = index;
                            });

                            if (angular.isDefined(fnIndex)) {
                                repeatFns.splice(fnIndex, 1);
                            }
                        }

                        if (skipApply) {
                            $browser.defer.flush();
                        } else {
                            $rootScope.$apply();
                        }
                    }

                    repeatFns.push({
                        nextTime:(now + delay),
                        delay: delay,
                        fn: tick,
                        id: nextRepeatId,
                        deferred: deferred
                    });
                    repeatFns.sort(function(a, b) { return a.nextTime - b.nextTime;});

                    nextRepeatId++;
                    return promise;
                };
                /**
                 * @ngdoc method
                 * @name $interval#cancel
                 *
                 * @description
                 * Cancels a task associated with the `promise`.
                 *
                 * @param {promise} promise A promise from calling the `$interval` function.
                 * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the task was successfully cancelled.
                 */
                $interval.cancel = function(promise) {
                    if (!promise) return false;
                    var fnIndex;

                    angular.forEach(repeatFns, function(fn, index) {
                        if (fn.id === promise.$$intervalId) fnIndex = index;
                    });

                    if (angular.isDefined(fnIndex)) {
                        repeatFns[fnIndex].deferred.reject('canceled');
                        repeatFns.splice(fnIndex, 1);
                        return true;
                    }

                    return false;
                };

                /**
                 * @ngdoc method
                 * @name $interval#flush
                 * @description
                 *
                 * Runs interval tasks scheduled to be run in the next `millis` milliseconds.
                 *
                 * @param {number=} millis maximum timeout amount to flush up until.
                 *
                 * @return {number} The amount of time moved forward.
                 */
                $interval.flush = function(millis) {
                    now += millis;
                    while (repeatFns.length && repeatFns[0].nextTime <= now) {
                        var task = repeatFns[0];
                        task.fn();
                        task.nextTime += task.delay;
                        repeatFns.sort(function(a, b) { return a.nextTime - b.nextTime;});
                    }
                    return millis;
                };

                return $interval;
            }];
    };


    /* jshint -W101 */
    /* The R_ISO8061_STR regex is never going to fit into the 100 char limit!
     * This directive should go inside the anonymous function but a bug in JSHint means that it would
     * not be enacted early enough to prevent the warning.
     */
    var R_ISO8061_STR = /^(\d{4})-?(\d\d)-?(\d\d)(?:T(\d\d)(?:\:?(\d\d)(?:\:?(\d\d)(?:\.(\d{3}))?)?)?(Z|([+-])(\d\d):?(\d\d)))?$/;

    function jsonStringToDate(string) {
        var match;
        if (match = string.match(R_ISO8061_STR)) {
            var date = new Date(0),
                tzHour = 0,
                tzMin  = 0;
            if (match[9]) {
                tzHour = toInt(match[9] + match[10]);
                tzMin = toInt(match[9] + match[11]);
            }
            date.setUTCFullYear(toInt(match[1]), toInt(match[2]) - 1, toInt(match[3]));
            date.setUTCHours(toInt(match[4] || 0) - tzHour,
                toInt(match[5] || 0) - tzMin,
                toInt(match[6] || 0),
                toInt(match[7] || 0));
            return date;
        }
        return string;
    }

    function toInt(str) {
        return parseInt(str, 10);
    }

    function padNumber(num, digits, trim) {
        var neg = '';
        if (num < 0) {
            neg =  '-';
            num = -num;
        }
        num = '' + num;
        while (num.length < digits) num = '0' + num;
        if (trim) {
            num = num.substr(num.length - digits);
        }
        return neg + num;
    }


    /**
     * @ngdoc type
     * @name angular.mock.TzDate
     * @description
     *
     * *NOTE*: this is not an injectable instance, just a globally available mock class of `Date`.
     *
     * Mock of the Date type which has its timezone specified via constructor arg.
     *
     * The main purpose is to create Date-like instances with timezone fixed to the specified timezone
     * offset, so that we can test code that depends on local timezone settings without dependency on
     * the time zone settings of the machine where the code is running.
     *
     * @param {number} offset Offset of the *desired* timezone in hours (fractions will be honored)
     * @param {(number|string)} timestamp Timestamp representing the desired time in *UTC*
     *
     * @example
     * !!!! WARNING !!!!!
     * This is not a complete Date object so only methods that were implemented can be called safely.
     * To make matters worse, TzDate instances inherit stuff from Date via a prototype.
     *
     * We do our best to intercept calls to "unimplemented" methods, but since the list of methods is
     * incomplete we might be missing some non-standard methods. This can result in errors like:
     * "Date.prototype.foo called on incompatible Object".
     *
     * ```js
     * var newYearInBratislava = new TzDate(-1, '2009-12-31T23:00:00Z');
     * newYearInBratislava.getTimezoneOffset() => -60;
     * newYearInBratislava.getFullYear() => 2010;
     * newYearInBratislava.getMonth() => 0;
     * newYearInBratislava.getDate() => 1;
     * newYearInBratislava.getHours() => 0;
     * newYearInBratislava.getMinutes() => 0;
     * newYearInBratislava.getSeconds() => 0;
     * ```
     *
     */
    angular.mock.TzDate = function(offset, timestamp) {
        var self = new Date(0);
        if (angular.isString(timestamp)) {
            var tsStr = timestamp;

            self.origDate = jsonStringToDate(timestamp);

            timestamp = self.origDate.getTime();
            if (isNaN(timestamp)) {
                throw {
                    name: "Illegal Argument",
                    message: "Arg '" + tsStr + "' passed into TzDate constructor is not a valid date string"
                };
            }
        } else {
            self.origDate = new Date(timestamp);
        }

        var localOffset = new Date(timestamp).getTimezoneOffset();
        self.offsetDiff = localOffset * 60 * 1000 - offset * 1000 * 60 * 60;
        self.date = new Date(timestamp + self.offsetDiff);

        self.getTime = function() {
            return self.date.getTime() - self.offsetDiff;
        };

        self.toLocaleDateString = function() {
            return self.date.toLocaleDateString();
        };

        self.getFullYear = function() {
            return self.date.getFullYear();
        };

        self.getMonth = function() {
            return self.date.getMonth();
        };

        self.getDate = function() {
            return self.date.getDate();
        };

        self.getHours = function() {
            return self.date.getHours();
        };

        self.getMinutes = function() {
            return self.date.getMinutes();
        };

        self.getSeconds = function() {
            return self.date.getSeconds();
        };

        self.getMilliseconds = function() {
            return self.date.getMilliseconds();
        };

        self.getTimezoneOffset = function() {
            return offset * 60;
        };

        self.getUTCFullYear = function() {
            return self.origDate.getUTCFullYear();
        };

        self.getUTCMonth = function() {
            return self.origDate.getUTCMonth();
        };

        self.getUTCDate = function() {
            return self.origDate.getUTCDate();
        };

        self.getUTCHours = function() {
            return self.origDate.getUTCHours();
        };

        self.getUTCMinutes = function() {
            return self.origDate.getUTCMinutes();
        };

        self.getUTCSeconds = function() {
            return self.origDate.getUTCSeconds();
        };

        self.getUTCMilliseconds = function() {
            return self.origDate.getUTCMilliseconds();
        };

        self.getDay = function() {
            return self.date.getDay();
        };

        // provide this method only on browsers that already have it
        if (self.toISOString) {
            self.toISOString = function() {
                return padNumber(self.origDate.getUTCFullYear(), 4) + '-' +
                    padNumber(self.origDate.getUTCMonth() + 1, 2) + '-' +
                    padNumber(self.origDate.getUTCDate(), 2) + 'T' +
                    padNumber(self.origDate.getUTCHours(), 2) + ':' +
                    padNumber(self.origDate.getUTCMinutes(), 2) + ':' +
                    padNumber(self.origDate.getUTCSeconds(), 2) + '.' +
                    padNumber(self.origDate.getUTCMilliseconds(), 3) + 'Z';
            };
        }

        //hide all methods not implemented in this mock that the Date prototype exposes
        var unimplementedMethods = ['getUTCDay',
            'getYear', 'setDate', 'setFullYear', 'setHours', 'setMilliseconds',
            'setMinutes', 'setMonth', 'setSeconds', 'setTime', 'setUTCDate', 'setUTCFullYear',
            'setUTCHours', 'setUTCMilliseconds', 'setUTCMinutes', 'setUTCMonth', 'setUTCSeconds',
            'setYear', 'toDateString', 'toGMTString', 'toJSON', 'toLocaleFormat', 'toLocaleString',
            'toLocaleTimeString', 'toSource', 'toString', 'toTimeString', 'toUTCString', 'valueOf'];

        angular.forEach(unimplementedMethods, function(methodName) {
            self[methodName] = function() {
                throw new Error("Method '" + methodName + "' is not implemented in the TzDate mock");
            };
        });

        return self;
    };

//make "tzDateInstance instanceof Date" return true
    angular.mock.TzDate.prototype = Date.prototype;
    /* jshint +W101 */


    /**
     * @ngdoc service
     * @name $animate
     *
     * @description
     * Mock implementation of the {@link ng.$animate `$animate`} service. Exposes two additional methods
     * for testing animations.
     */
    angular.mock.animate = angular.module('ngAnimateMock', ['ng'])

        .config(['$provide', function($provide) {

            $provide.factory('$$forceReflow', function() {
                function reflowFn() {
                    reflowFn.totalReflows++;
                }
                reflowFn.totalReflows = 0;
                return reflowFn;
            });

            $provide.factory('$$animateAsyncRun', function() {
                var queue = [];
                var queueFn = function() {
                    return function(fn) {
                        queue.push(fn);
                    };
                };
                queueFn.flush = function() {
                    if (queue.length === 0) return false;

                    for (var i = 0; i < queue.length; i++) {
                        queue[i]();
                    }
                    queue = [];

                    return true;
                };
                return queueFn;
            });

            $provide.decorator('$$animateJs', ['$delegate', function($delegate) {
                var runners = [];

                var animateJsConstructor = function() {
                    var animator = $delegate.apply($delegate, arguments);
                    // If no javascript animation is found, animator is undefined
                    if (animator) {
                        runners.push(animator);
                    }
                    return animator;
                };

                animateJsConstructor.$closeAndFlush = function() {
                    runners.forEach(function(runner) {
                        runner.end();
                    });
                    runners = [];
                };

                return animateJsConstructor;
            }]);

            $provide.decorator('$animateCss', ['$delegate', function($delegate) {
                var runners = [];

                var animateCssConstructor = function(element, options) {
                    var animator = $delegate(element, options);
                    runners.push(animator);
                    return animator;
                };

                animateCssConstructor.$closeAndFlush = function() {
                    runners.forEach(function(runner) {
                        runner.end();
                    });
                    runners = [];
                };

                return animateCssConstructor;
            }]);

            $provide.decorator('$animate', ['$delegate', '$timeout', '$browser', '$$rAF', '$animateCss', '$$animateJs',
                '$$forceReflow', '$$animateAsyncRun', '$rootScope',
                function($delegate,   $timeout,   $browser,   $$rAF,   $animateCss,   $$animateJs,
                         $$forceReflow,   $$animateAsyncRun,  $rootScope) {
                    var animate = {
                        queue: [],
                        cancel: $delegate.cancel,
                        on: $delegate.on,
                        off: $delegate.off,
                        pin: $delegate.pin,
                        get reflows() {
                            return $$forceReflow.totalReflows;
                        },
                        enabled: $delegate.enabled,
                        /**
                         * @ngdoc method
                         * @name $animate#closeAndFlush
                         * @description
                         *
                         * This method will close all pending animations (both {@link ngAnimate#javascript-based-animations Javascript}
                         * and {@link ngAnimate.$animateCss CSS}) and it will also flush any remaining animation frames and/or callbacks.
                         */
                        closeAndFlush: function() {
                            // we allow the flush command to swallow the errors
                            // because depending on whether CSS or JS animations are
                            // used, there may not be a RAF flush. The primary flush
                            // at the end of this function must throw an exception
                            // because it will track if there were pending animations
                            this.flush(true);
                            $animateCss.$closeAndFlush();
                            $$animateJs.$closeAndFlush();
                            this.flush();
                        },
                        /**
                         * @ngdoc method
                         * @name $animate#flush
                         * @description
                         *
                         * This method is used to flush the pending callbacks and animation frames to either start
                         * an animation or conclude an animation. Note that this will not actually close an
                         * actively running animation (see {@link ngMock.$animate#closeAndFlush `closeAndFlush()`} for that).
                         */
                        flush: function(hideErrors) {
                            $rootScope.$digest();

                            var doNextRun, somethingFlushed = false;
                            do {
                                doNextRun = false;

                                if ($$rAF.queue.length) {
                                    $$rAF.flush();
                                    doNextRun = somethingFlushed = true;
                                }

                                if ($$animateAsyncRun.flush()) {
                                    doNextRun = somethingFlushed = true;
                                }
                            } while (doNextRun);

                            if (!somethingFlushed && !hideErrors) {
                                throw new Error('No pending animations ready to be closed or flushed');
                            }

                            $rootScope.$digest();
                        }
                    };

                    angular.forEach(
                        ['animate','enter','leave','move','addClass','removeClass','setClass'], function(method) {
                            animate[method] = function() {
                                animate.queue.push({
                                    event: method,
                                    element: arguments[0],
                                    options: arguments[arguments.length - 1],
                                    args: arguments
                                });
                                return $delegate[method].apply($delegate, arguments);
                            };
                        });

                    return animate;
                }]);

        }]);


    /**
     * @ngdoc function
     * @name angular.mock.dump
     * @description
     *
     * *NOTE*: this is not an injectable instance, just a globally available function.
     *
     * Method for serializing common angular objects (scope, elements, etc..) into strings, useful for
     * debugging.
     *
     * This method is also available on window, where it can be used to display objects on debug
     * console.
     *
     * @param {*} object - any object to turn into string.
     * @return {string} a serialized string of the argument
     */
    angular.mock.dump = function(object) {
        return serialize(object);

        function serialize(object) {
            var out;

            if (angular.isElement(object)) {
                object = angular.element(object);
                out = angular.element('<div></div>');
                angular.forEach(object, function(element) {
                    out.append(angular.element(element).clone());
                });
                out = out.html();
            } else if (angular.isArray(object)) {
                out = [];
                angular.forEach(object, function(o) {
                    out.push(serialize(o));
                });
                out = '[ ' + out.join(', ') + ' ]';
            } else if (angular.isObject(object)) {
                if (angular.isFunction(object.$eval) && angular.isFunction(object.$apply)) {
                    out = serializeScope(object);
                } else if (object instanceof Error) {
                    out = object.stack || ('' + object.name + ': ' + object.message);
                } else {
                    // TODO(i): this prevents methods being logged,
                    // we should have a better way to serialize objects
                    out = angular.toJson(object, true);
                }
            } else {
                out = String(object);
            }

            return out;
        }

        function serializeScope(scope, offset) {
            offset = offset ||  '  ';
            var log = [offset + 'Scope(' + scope.$id + '): {'];
            for (var key in scope) {
                if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(scope, key) && !key.match(/^(\$|this)/)) {
                    log.push('  ' + key + ': ' + angular.toJson(scope[key]));
                }
            }
            var child = scope.$$childHead;
            while (child) {
                log.push(serializeScope(child, offset + '  '));
                child = child.$$nextSibling;
            }
            log.push('}');
            return log.join('\n' + offset);
        }
    };

    /**
     * @ngdoc service
     * @name $httpBackend
     * @description
     * Fake HTTP backend implementation suitable for unit testing applications that use the
     * {@link ng.$http $http service}.
     *
     * *Note*: For fake HTTP backend implementation suitable for end-to-end testing or backend-less
     * development please see {@link ngMockE2E.$httpBackend e2e $httpBackend mock}.
     *
     * During unit testing, we want our unit tests to run quickly and have no external dependencies so
     * we donâ€™t want to send [XHR](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/xmlhttprequest) or
     * [JSONP](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSONP) requests to a real server. All we really need is
     * to verify whether a certain request has been sent or not, or alternatively just let the
     * application make requests, respond with pre-trained responses and assert that the end result is
     * what we expect it to be.
     *
     * This mock implementation can be used to respond with static or dynamic responses via the
     * `expect` and `when` apis and their shortcuts (`expectGET`, `whenPOST`, etc).
     *
     * When an Angular application needs some data from a server, it calls the $http service, which
     * sends the request to a real server using $httpBackend service. With dependency injection, it is
     * easy to inject $httpBackend mock (which has the same API as $httpBackend) and use it to verify
     * the requests and respond with some testing data without sending a request to a real server.
     *
     * There are two ways to specify what test data should be returned as http responses by the mock
     * backend when the code under test makes http requests:
     *
     * - `$httpBackend.expect` - specifies a request expectation
     * - `$httpBackend.when` - specifies a backend definition
     *
     *
     * ## Request Expectations vs Backend Definitions
     *
     * Request expectations provide a way to make assertions about requests made by the application and
     * to define responses for those requests. The test will fail if the expected requests are not made
     * or they are made in the wrong order.
     *
     * Backend definitions allow you to define a fake backend for your application which doesn't assert
     * if a particular request was made or not, it just returns a trained response if a request is made.
     * The test will pass whether or not the request gets made during testing.
     *
     *
     * <table class="table">
     *   <tr><th width="220px"></th><th>Request expectations</th><th>Backend definitions</th></tr>
     *   <tr>
     *     <th>Syntax</th>
     *     <td>.expect(...).respond(...)</td>
     *     <td>.when(...).respond(...)</td>
     *   </tr>
     *   <tr>
     *     <th>Typical usage</th>
     *     <td>strict unit tests</td>
     *     <td>loose (black-box) unit testing</td>
     *   </tr>
     *   <tr>
     *     <th>Fulfills multiple requests</th>
     *     <td>NO</td>
     *     <td>YES</td>
     *   </tr>
     *   <tr>
     *     <th>Order of requests matters</th>
     *     <td>YES</td>
     *     <td>NO</td>
     *   </tr>
     *   <tr>
     *     <th>Request required</th>
     *     <td>YES</td>
     *     <td>NO</td>
     *   </tr>
     *   <tr>
     *     <th>Response required</th>
     *     <td>optional (see below)</td>
     *     <td>YES</td>
     *   </tr>
     * </table>
     *
     * In cases where both backend definitions and request expectations are specified during unit
     * testing, the request expectations are evaluated first.
     *
     * If a request expectation has no response specified, the algorithm will search your backend
     * definitions for an appropriate response.
     *
     * If a request didn't match any expectation or if the expectation doesn't have the response
     * defined, the backend definitions are evaluated in sequential order to see if any of them match
     * the request. The response from the first matched definition is returned.
     *
     *
     * ## Flushing HTTP requests
     *
     * The $httpBackend used in production always responds to requests asynchronously. If we preserved
     * this behavior in unit testing, we'd have to create async unit tests, which are hard to write,
     * to follow and to maintain. But neither can the testing mock respond synchronously; that would
     * change the execution of the code under test. For this reason, the mock $httpBackend has a
     * `flush()` method, which allows the test to explicitly flush pending requests. This preserves
     * the async api of the backend, while allowing the test to execute synchronously.
     *
     *
     * ## Unit testing with mock $httpBackend
     * The following code shows how to setup and use the mock backend when unit testing a controller.
     * First we create the controller under test:
     *
     ```js
     // The module code
     angular
     .module('MyApp', [])
     .controller('MyController', MyController);

     // The controller code
     function MyController($scope, $http) {
    var authToken;

    $http.get('/auth.py').then(function(response) {
      authToken = response.headers('A-Token');
      $scope.user = response.data;
    });

    $scope.saveMessage = function(message) {
      var headers = { 'Authorization': authToken };
      $scope.status = 'Saving...';

      $http.post('/add-msg.py', message, { headers: headers } ).then(function(response) {
        $scope.status = '';
      }).catch(function() {
        $scope.status = 'Failed...';
      });
    };
  }
     ```
     *
     * Now we setup the mock backend and create the test specs:
     *
     ```js
     // testing controller
     describe('MyController', function() {
       var $httpBackend, $rootScope, createController, authRequestHandler;

       // Set up the module
       beforeEach(module('MyApp'));

       beforeEach(inject(function($injector) {
         // Set up the mock http service responses
         $httpBackend = $injector.get('$httpBackend');
         // backend definition common for all tests
         authRequestHandler = $httpBackend.when('GET', '/auth.py')
                                .respond({userId: 'userX'}, {'A-Token': 'xxx'});

         // Get hold of a scope (i.e. the root scope)
         $rootScope = $injector.get('$rootScope');
         // The $controller service is used to create instances of controllers
         var $controller = $injector.get('$controller');

         createController = function() {
           return $controller('MyController', {'$scope' : $rootScope });
         };
       }));


       afterEach(function() {
         $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation();
         $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest();
       });


       it('should fetch authentication token', function() {
         $httpBackend.expectGET('/auth.py');
         var controller = createController();
         $httpBackend.flush();
       });


       it('should fail authentication', function() {

         // Notice how you can change the response even after it was set
         authRequestHandler.respond(401, '');

         $httpBackend.expectGET('/auth.py');
         var controller = createController();
         $httpBackend.flush();
         expect($rootScope.status).toBe('Failed...');
       });


       it('should send msg to server', function() {
         var controller = createController();
         $httpBackend.flush();

         // now you donâ€™t care about the authentication, but
         // the controller will still send the request and
         // $httpBackend will respond without you having to
         // specify the expectation and response for this request

         $httpBackend.expectPOST('/add-msg.py', 'message content').respond(201, '');
         $rootScope.saveMessage('message content');
         expect($rootScope.status).toBe('Saving...');
         $httpBackend.flush();
         expect($rootScope.status).toBe('');
       });


       it('should send auth header', function() {
         var controller = createController();
         $httpBackend.flush();

         $httpBackend.expectPOST('/add-msg.py', undefined, function(headers) {
           // check if the header was sent, if it wasn't the expectation won't
           // match the request and the test will fail
           return headers['Authorization'] == 'xxx';
         }).respond(201, '');

         $rootScope.saveMessage('whatever');
         $httpBackend.flush();
       });
    });
     ```
     *
     * ## Dynamic responses
     *
     * You define a response to a request by chaining a call to `respond()` onto a definition or expectation.
     * If you provide a **callback** as the first parameter to `respond(callback)` then you can dynamically generate
     * a response based on the properties of the request.
     *
     * The `callback` function should be of the form `function(method, url, data, headers, params)`.
     *
     * ### Query parameters
     *
     * By default, query parameters on request URLs are parsed into the `params` object. So a request URL
     * of `/list?q=searchstr&orderby=-name` would set `params` to be `{q: 'searchstr', orderby: '-name'}`.
     *
     * ### Regex parameter matching
     *
     * If an expectation or definition uses a **regex** to match the URL, you can provide an array of **keys** via a
     * `params` argument. The index of each **key** in the array will match the index of a **group** in the
     * **regex**.
     *
     * The `params` object in the **callback** will now have properties with these keys, which hold the value of the
     * corresponding **group** in the **regex**.
     *
     * This also applies to the `when` and `expect` shortcut methods.
     *
     *
     * ```js
     *   $httpBackend.expect('GET', /\/user\/(.+)/, undefined, undefined, ['id'])
     *     .respond(function(method, url, data, headers, params) {
 *       // for requested url of '/user/1234' params is {id: '1234'}
 *     });
     *
     *   $httpBackend.whenPATCH(/\/user\/(.+)\/article\/(.+)/, undefined, undefined, ['user', 'article'])
     *     .respond(function(method, url, data, headers, params) {
 *       // for url of '/user/1234/article/567' params is {user: '1234', article: '567'}
 *     });
     * ```
     *
     * ## Matching route requests
     *
     * For extra convenience, `whenRoute` and `expectRoute` shortcuts are available. These methods offer colon
     * delimited matching of the url path, ignoring the query string. This allows declarations
     * similar to how application routes are configured with `$routeProvider`. Because these methods convert
     * the definition url to regex, declaration order is important. Combined with query parameter parsing,
     * the following is possible:
     *
     ```js
     $httpBackend.whenRoute('GET', '/users/:id')
     .respond(function(method, url, data, headers, params) {
        return [200, MockUserList[Number(params.id)]];
      });

     $httpBackend.whenRoute('GET', '/users')
     .respond(function(method, url, data, headers, params) {
        var userList = angular.copy(MockUserList),
          defaultSort = 'lastName',
          count, pages, isPrevious, isNext;

        // paged api response '/v1/users?page=2'
        params.page = Number(params.page) || 1;

        // query for last names '/v1/users?q=Archer'
        if (params.q) {
          userList = $filter('filter')({lastName: params.q});
        }

        pages = Math.ceil(userList.length / pagingLength);
        isPrevious = params.page > 1;
        isNext = params.page < pages;

        return [200, {
          count:    userList.length,
          previous: isPrevious,
          next:     isNext,
          // sort field -> '/v1/users?sortBy=firstName'
          results:  $filter('orderBy')(userList, params.sortBy || defaultSort)
                      .splice((params.page - 1) * pagingLength, pagingLength)
        }];
      });
     ```
     */
    angular.mock.$HttpBackendProvider = function() {
        this.$get = ['$rootScope', '$timeout', createHttpBackendMock];
    };

    /**
     * General factory function for $httpBackend mock.
     * Returns instance for unit testing (when no arguments specified):
     *   - passing through is disabled
     *   - auto flushing is disabled
     *
     * Returns instance for e2e testing (when `$delegate` and `$browser` specified):
     *   - passing through (delegating request to real backend) is enabled
     *   - auto flushing is enabled
     *
     * @param {Object=} $delegate Real $httpBackend instance (allow passing through if specified)
     * @param {Object=} $browser Auto-flushing enabled if specified
     * @return {Object} Instance of $httpBackend mock
     */
    function createHttpBackendMock($rootScope, $timeout, $delegate, $browser) {
        var definitions = [],
            expectations = [],
            responses = [],
            responsesPush = angular.bind(responses, responses.push),
            copy = angular.copy;

        function createResponse(status, data, headers, statusText) {
            if (angular.isFunction(status)) return status;

            return function() {
                return angular.isNumber(status)
                    ? [status, data, headers, statusText]
                    : [200, status, data, headers];
            };
        }

        // TODO(vojta): change params to: method, url, data, headers, callback
        function $httpBackend(method, url, data, callback, headers, timeout, withCredentials) {
            var xhr = new MockXhr(),
                expectation = expectations[0],
                wasExpected = false;

            function prettyPrint(data) {
                return (angular.isString(data) || angular.isFunction(data) || data instanceof RegExp)
                    ? data
                    : angular.toJson(data);
            }

            function wrapResponse(wrapped) {
                if (!$browser && timeout) {
                    timeout.then ? timeout.then(handleTimeout) : $timeout(handleTimeout, timeout);
                }

                return handleResponse;

                function handleResponse() {
                    var response = wrapped.response(method, url, data, headers, wrapped.params(url));
                    xhr.$$respHeaders = response[2];
                    callback(copy(response[0]), copy(response[1]), xhr.getAllResponseHeaders(),
                        copy(response[3] || ''));
                }

                function handleTimeout() {
                    for (var i = 0, ii = responses.length; i < ii; i++) {
                        if (responses[i] === handleResponse) {
                            responses.splice(i, 1);
                            callback(-1, undefined, '');
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if (expectation && expectation.match(method, url)) {
                if (!expectation.matchData(data)) {
                    throw new Error('Expected ' + expectation + ' with different data\n' +
                        'EXPECTED: ' + prettyPrint(expectation.data) + '\nGOT:      ' + data);
                }

                if (!expectation.matchHeaders(headers)) {
                    throw new Error('Expected ' + expectation + ' with different headers\n' +
                        'EXPECTED: ' + prettyPrint(expectation.headers) + '\nGOT:      ' +
                        prettyPrint(headers));
                }

                expectations.shift();

                if (expectation.response) {
                    responses.push(wrapResponse(expectation));
                    return;
                }
                wasExpected = true;
            }

            var i = -1, definition;
            while ((definition = definitions[++i])) {
                if (definition.match(method, url, data, headers || {})) {
                    if (definition.response) {
                        // if $browser specified, we do auto flush all requests
                        ($browser ? $browser.defer : responsesPush)(wrapResponse(definition));
                    } else if (definition.passThrough) {
                        $delegate(method, url, data, callback, headers, timeout, withCredentials);
                    } else throw new Error('No response defined !');
                    return;
                }
            }
            throw wasExpected ?
                new Error('No response defined !') :
                new Error('Unexpected request: ' + method + ' ' + url + '\n' +
                    (expectation ? 'Expected ' + expectation : 'No more request expected'));
        }

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#when
         * @description
         * Creates a new backend definition.
         *
         * @param {string} method HTTP method.
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
         *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
         * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
         *   object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
         *
         *  - respond â€“
         *      `{function([status,] data[, headers, statusText])
   *      | function(function(method, url, data, headers, params)}`
         *    â€“ The respond method takes a set of static data to be returned or a function that can
         *    return an array containing response status (number), response data (string), response
         *    headers (Object), and the text for the status (string). The respond method returns the
         *    `requestHandler` object for possible overrides.
         */
        $httpBackend.when = function(method, url, data, headers, keys) {
            var definition = new MockHttpExpectation(method, url, data, headers, keys),
                chain = {
                    respond: function(status, data, headers, statusText) {
                        definition.passThrough = undefined;
                        definition.response = createResponse(status, data, headers, statusText);
                        return chain;
                    }
                };

            if ($browser) {
                chain.passThrough = function() {
                    definition.response = undefined;
                    definition.passThrough = true;
                    return chain;
                };
            }

            definitions.push(definition);
            return chain;
        };

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#whenGET
         * @description
         * Creates a new backend definition for GET requests. For more info see `when()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         * order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#whenHEAD
         * @description
         * Creates a new backend definition for HEAD requests. For more info see `when()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         * order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#whenDELETE
         * @description
         * Creates a new backend definition for DELETE requests. For more info see `when()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         * order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#whenPOST
         * @description
         * Creates a new backend definition for POST requests. For more info see `when()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
         *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
         * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         * order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#whenPUT
         * @description
         * Creates a new backend definition for PUT requests.  For more info see `when()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string))=} data HTTP request body or function that receives
         *   data string and returns true if the data is as expected.
         * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         * order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#whenJSONP
         * @description
         * Creates a new backend definition for JSONP requests. For more info see `when()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         * order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */
        createShortMethods('when');

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#whenRoute
         * @description
         * Creates a new backend definition that compares only with the requested route.
         *
         * @param {string} method HTTP method.
         * @param {string} url HTTP url string that supports colon param matching.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         * order to change how a matched request is handled. See #when for more info.
         */
        $httpBackend.whenRoute = function(method, url) {
            var pathObj = parseRoute(url);
            return $httpBackend.when(method, pathObj.regexp, undefined, undefined, pathObj.keys);
        };

        function parseRoute(url) {
            var ret = {
                    regexp: url
                },
                keys = ret.keys = [];

            if (!url || !angular.isString(url)) return ret;

            url = url
                .replace(/([().])/g, '\\$1')
                .replace(/(\/)?:(\w+)([\?\*])?/g, function(_, slash, key, option) {
                    var optional = option === '?' ? option : null;
                    var star = option === '*' ? option : null;
                    keys.push({ name: key, optional: !!optional });
                    slash = slash || '';
                    return ''
                        + (optional ? '' : slash)
                        + '(?:'
                        + (optional ? slash : '')
                        + (star && '(.+?)' || '([^/]+)')
                        + (optional || '')
                        + ')'
                        + (optional || '');
                })
                .replace(/([\/$\*])/g, '\\$1');

            ret.regexp = new RegExp('^' + url, 'i');
            return ret;
        }

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#expect
         * @description
         * Creates a new request expectation.
         *
         * @param {string} method HTTP method.
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string)|Object)=} data HTTP request body or function that
         *  receives data string and returns true if the data is as expected, or Object if request body
         *  is in JSON format.
         * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
         *   object and returns true if the headers match the current expectation.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         *  request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         *  order to change how a matched request is handled.
         *
         *  - respond â€“
         *    `{function([status,] data[, headers, statusText])
   *    | function(function(method, url, data, headers, params)}`
         *    â€“ The respond method takes a set of static data to be returned or a function that can
         *    return an array containing response status (number), response data (string), response
         *    headers (Object), and the text for the status (string). The respond method returns the
         *    `requestHandler` object for possible overrides.
         */
        $httpBackend.expect = function(method, url, data, headers, keys) {
            var expectation = new MockHttpExpectation(method, url, data, headers, keys),
                chain = {
                    respond: function(status, data, headers, statusText) {
                        expectation.response = createResponse(status, data, headers, statusText);
                        return chain;
                    }
                };

            expectations.push(expectation);
            return chain;
        };

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#expectGET
         * @description
         * Creates a new request expectation for GET requests. For more info see `expect()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {Object=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         * order to change how a matched request is handled. See #expect for more info.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#expectHEAD
         * @description
         * Creates a new request expectation for HEAD requests. For more info see `expect()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {Object=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#expectDELETE
         * @description
         * Creates a new request expectation for DELETE requests. For more info see `expect()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {Object=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#expectPOST
         * @description
         * Creates a new request expectation for POST requests. For more info see `expect()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string)|Object)=} data HTTP request body or function that
         *  receives data string and returns true if the data is as expected, or Object if request body
         *  is in JSON format.
         * @param {Object=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#expectPUT
         * @description
         * Creates a new request expectation for PUT requests. For more info see `expect()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string)|Object)=} data HTTP request body or function that
         *  receives data string and returns true if the data is as expected, or Object if request body
         *  is in JSON format.
         * @param {Object=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#expectPATCH
         * @description
         * Creates a new request expectation for PATCH requests. For more info see `expect()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(string|RegExp|function(string)|Object)=} data HTTP request body or function that
         *  receives data string and returns true if the data is as expected, or Object if request body
         *  is in JSON format.
         * @param {Object=} headers HTTP headers.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#expectJSONP
         * @description
         * Creates a new request expectation for JSONP requests. For more info see `expect()`.
         *
         * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives an url
         *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
         * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described above.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         *   request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         *   order to change how a matched request is handled.
         */
        createShortMethods('expect');

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#expectRoute
         * @description
         * Creates a new request expectation that compares only with the requested route.
         *
         * @param {string} method HTTP method.
         * @param {string} url HTTP url string that supports colon param matching.
         * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` method that controls how a matched
         * request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke `respond` again in
         * order to change how a matched request is handled. See #expect for more info.
         */
        $httpBackend.expectRoute = function(method, url) {
            var pathObj = parseRoute(url);
            return $httpBackend.expect(method, pathObj.regexp, undefined, undefined, pathObj.keys);
        };


        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#flush
         * @description
         * Flushes all pending requests using the trained responses.
         *
         * @param {number=} count Number of responses to flush (in the order they arrived). If undefined,
         *   all pending requests will be flushed. If there are no pending requests when the flush method
         *   is called an exception is thrown (as this typically a sign of programming error).
         */
        $httpBackend.flush = function(count, digest) {
            if (digest !== false) $rootScope.$digest();
            if (!responses.length) throw new Error('No pending request to flush !');

            if (angular.isDefined(count) && count !== null) {
                while (count--) {
                    if (!responses.length) throw new Error('No more pending request to flush !');
                    responses.shift()();
                }
            } else {
                while (responses.length) {
                    responses.shift()();
                }
            }
            $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation(digest);
        };


        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#verifyNoOutstandingExpectation
         * @description
         * Verifies that all of the requests defined via the `expect` api were made. If any of the
         * requests were not made, verifyNoOutstandingExpectation throws an exception.
         *
         * Typically, you would call this method following each test case that asserts requests using an
         * "afterEach" clause.
         *
         * ```js
         *   afterEach($httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation);
         * ```
         */
        $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingExpectation = function(digest) {
            if (digest !== false) $rootScope.$digest();
            if (expectations.length) {
                throw new Error('Unsatisfied requests: ' + expectations.join(', '));
            }
        };


        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#verifyNoOutstandingRequest
         * @description
         * Verifies that there are no outstanding requests that need to be flushed.
         *
         * Typically, you would call this method following each test case that asserts requests using an
         * "afterEach" clause.
         *
         * ```js
         *   afterEach($httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest);
         * ```
         */
        $httpBackend.verifyNoOutstandingRequest = function() {
            if (responses.length) {
                throw new Error('Unflushed requests: ' + responses.length);
            }
        };


        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $httpBackend#resetExpectations
         * @description
         * Resets all request expectations, but preserves all backend definitions. Typically, you would
         * call resetExpectations during a multiple-phase test when you want to reuse the same instance of
         * $httpBackend mock.
         */
        $httpBackend.resetExpectations = function() {
            expectations.length = 0;
            responses.length = 0;
        };

        return $httpBackend;


        function createShortMethods(prefix) {
            angular.forEach(['GET', 'DELETE', 'JSONP', 'HEAD'], function(method) {
                $httpBackend[prefix + method] = function(url, headers, keys) {
                    return $httpBackend[prefix](method, url, undefined, headers, keys);
                };
            });

            angular.forEach(['PUT', 'POST', 'PATCH'], function(method) {
                $httpBackend[prefix + method] = function(url, data, headers, keys) {
                    return $httpBackend[prefix](method, url, data, headers, keys);
                };
            });
        }
    }

    function MockHttpExpectation(method, url, data, headers, keys) {

        this.data = data;
        this.headers = headers;

        this.match = function(m, u, d, h) {
            if (method != m) return false;
            if (!this.matchUrl(u)) return false;
            if (angular.isDefined(d) && !this.matchData(d)) return false;
            if (angular.isDefined(h) && !this.matchHeaders(h)) return false;
            return true;
        };

        this.matchUrl = function(u) {
            if (!url) return true;
            if (angular.isFunction(url.test)) return url.test(u);
            if (angular.isFunction(url)) return url(u);
            return url == u;
        };

        this.matchHeaders = function(h) {
            if (angular.isUndefined(headers)) return true;
            if (angular.isFunction(headers)) return headers(h);
            return angular.equals(headers, h);
        };

        this.matchData = function(d) {
            if (angular.isUndefined(data)) return true;
            if (data && angular.isFunction(data.test)) return data.test(d);
            if (data && angular.isFunction(data)) return data(d);
            if (data && !angular.isString(data)) {
                return angular.equals(angular.fromJson(angular.toJson(data)), angular.fromJson(d));
            }
            return data == d;
        };

        this.toString = function() {
            return method + ' ' + url;
        };

        this.params = function(u) {
            return angular.extend(parseQuery(), pathParams());

            function pathParams() {
                var keyObj = {};
                if (!url || !angular.isFunction(url.test) || !keys || keys.length === 0) return keyObj;

                var m = url.exec(u);
                if (!m) return keyObj;
                for (var i = 1, len = m.length; i < len; ++i) {
                    var key = keys[i - 1];
                    var val = m[i];
                    if (key && val) {
                        keyObj[key.name || key] = val;
                    }
                }

                return keyObj;
            }

            function parseQuery() {
                var obj = {}, key_value, key,
                    queryStr = u.indexOf('?') > -1
                        ? u.substring(u.indexOf('?') + 1)
                        : "";

                angular.forEach(queryStr.split('&'), function(keyValue) {
                    if (keyValue) {
                        key_value = keyValue.replace(/\+/g,'%20').split('=');
                        key = tryDecodeURIComponent(key_value[0]);
                        if (angular.isDefined(key)) {
                            var val = angular.isDefined(key_value[1]) ? tryDecodeURIComponent(key_value[1]) : true;
                            if (!hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
                                obj[key] = val;
                            } else if (angular.isArray(obj[key])) {
                                obj[key].push(val);
                            } else {
                                obj[key] = [obj[key],val];
                            }
                        }
                    }
                });
                return obj;
            }
            function tryDecodeURIComponent(value) {
                try {
                    return decodeURIComponent(value);
                } catch (e) {
                    // Ignore any invalid uri component
                }
            }
        };
    }

    function createMockXhr() {
        return new MockXhr();
    }

    function MockXhr() {

        // hack for testing $http, $httpBackend
        MockXhr.$$lastInstance = this;

        this.open = function(method, url, async) {
            this.$$method = method;
            this.$$url = url;
            this.$$async = async;
            this.$$reqHeaders = {};
            this.$$respHeaders = {};
        };

        this.send = function(data) {
            this.$$data = data;
        };

        this.setRequestHeader = function(key, value) {
            this.$$reqHeaders[key] = value;
        };

        this.getResponseHeader = function(name) {
            // the lookup must be case insensitive,
            // that's why we try two quick lookups first and full scan last
            var header = this.$$respHeaders[name];
            if (header) return header;

            name = angular.lowercase(name);
            header = this.$$respHeaders[name];
            if (header) return header;

            header = undefined;
            angular.forEach(this.$$respHeaders, function(headerVal, headerName) {
                if (!header && angular.lowercase(headerName) == name) header = headerVal;
            });
            return header;
        };

        this.getAllResponseHeaders = function() {
            var lines = [];

            angular.forEach(this.$$respHeaders, function(value, key) {
                lines.push(key + ': ' + value);
            });
            return lines.join('\n');
        };

        this.abort = angular.noop;
    }


    /**
     * @ngdoc service
     * @name $timeout
     * @description
     *
     * This service is just a simple decorator for {@link ng.$timeout $timeout} service
     * that adds a "flush" and "verifyNoPendingTasks" methods.
     */

    angular.mock.$TimeoutDecorator = ['$delegate', '$browser', function($delegate, $browser) {

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $timeout#flush
         * @description
         *
         * Flushes the queue of pending tasks.
         *
         * @param {number=} delay maximum timeout amount to flush up until
         */
        $delegate.flush = function(delay) {
            $browser.defer.flush(delay);
        };

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $timeout#verifyNoPendingTasks
         * @description
         *
         * Verifies that there are no pending tasks that need to be flushed.
         */
        $delegate.verifyNoPendingTasks = function() {
            if ($browser.deferredFns.length) {
                throw new Error('Deferred tasks to flush (' + $browser.deferredFns.length + '): ' +
                    formatPendingTasksAsString($browser.deferredFns));
            }
        };

        function formatPendingTasksAsString(tasks) {
            var result = [];
            angular.forEach(tasks, function(task) {
                result.push('{id: ' + task.id + ', ' + 'time: ' + task.time + '}');
            });

            return result.join(', ');
        }

        return $delegate;
    }];

    angular.mock.$RAFDecorator = ['$delegate', function($delegate) {
        var rafFn = function(fn) {
            var index = rafFn.queue.length;
            rafFn.queue.push(fn);
            return function() {
                rafFn.queue.splice(index, 1);
            };
        };

        rafFn.queue = [];
        rafFn.supported = $delegate.supported;

        rafFn.flush = function() {
            if (rafFn.queue.length === 0) {
                throw new Error('No rAF callbacks present');
            }

            var length = rafFn.queue.length;
            for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                rafFn.queue[i]();
            }

            rafFn.queue = rafFn.queue.slice(i);
        };

        return rafFn;
    }];

    /**
     *
     */
    angular.mock.$RootElementProvider = function() {
        this.$get = function() {
            return angular.element('<div ng-app></div>');
        };
    };

    /**
     * @ngdoc service
     * @name $controller
     * @description
     * A decorator for {@link ng.$controller} with additional `bindings` parameter, useful when testing
     * controllers of directives that use {@link $compile#-bindtocontroller- `bindToController`}.
     *
     *
     * ## Example
     *
     * ```js
     *
     * // Directive definition ...
     *
     * myMod.directive('myDirective', {
 *   controller: 'MyDirectiveController',
 *   bindToController: {
 *     name: '@'
 *   }
 * });
     *
     *
     * // Controller definition ...
     *
     * myMod.controller('MyDirectiveController', ['$log', function($log) {
 *   $log.info(this.name);
 * })];
     *
     *
     * // In a test ...
     *
     * describe('myDirectiveController', function() {
 *   it('should write the bound name to the log', inject(function($controller, $log) {
 *     var ctrl = $controller('MyDirectiveController', { /* no locals &#42;/ }, { name: 'Clark Kent' });
 *     expect(ctrl.name).toEqual('Clark Kent');
 *     expect($log.info.logs).toEqual(['Clark Kent']);
 *   });
 * });
     *
     * ```
     *
     * @param {Function|string} constructor If called with a function then it's considered to be the
     *    controller constructor function. Otherwise it's considered to be a string which is used
     *    to retrieve the controller constructor using the following steps:
     *
     *    * check if a controller with given name is registered via `$controllerProvider`
     *    * check if evaluating the string on the current scope returns a constructor
     *    * if $controllerProvider#allowGlobals, check `window[constructor]` on the global
     *      `window` object (not recommended)
     *
     *    The string can use the `controller as property` syntax, where the controller instance is published
     *    as the specified property on the `scope`; the `scope` must be injected into `locals` param for this
     *    to work correctly.
     *
     * @param {Object} locals Injection locals for Controller.
     * @param {Object=} bindings Properties to add to the controller before invoking the constructor. This is used
     *                           to simulate the `bindToController` feature and simplify certain kinds of tests.
     * @return {Object} Instance of given controller.
     */
    angular.mock.$ControllerDecorator = ['$delegate', function($delegate) {
        return function(expression, locals, later, ident) {
            if (later && typeof later === 'object') {
                var create = $delegate(expression, locals, true, ident);
                angular.extend(create.instance, later);
                return create();
            }
            return $delegate(expression, locals, later, ident);
        };
    }];

    /**
     * @ngdoc service
     * @name $componentController
     * @description
     * A service that can be used to create instances of component controllers.
     * <div class="alert alert-info">
     * Be aware that the controller will be instantiated and attached to the scope as specified in
     * the component definition object. That means that you must always provide a `$scope` object
     * in the `locals` param.
     * </div>
     * @param {string} componentName the name of the component whose controller we want to instantiate
     * @param {Object} locals Injection locals for Controller.
     * @param {Object=} bindings Properties to add to the controller before invoking the constructor. This is used
     *                           to simulate the `bindToController` feature and simplify certain kinds of tests.
     * @param {string=} ident Override the property name to use when attaching the controller to the scope.
     * @return {Object} Instance of requested controller.
     */
    angular.mock.$ComponentControllerProvider = ['$compileProvider', function($compileProvider) {
        return {
            $get: ['$controller','$injector', function($controller,$injector) {
                return function $componentController(componentName, locals, bindings, ident) {
                    // get all directives associated to the component name
                    var directives = $injector.get(componentName + 'Directive');
                    // look for those directives that are components
                    var candidateDirectives = directives.filter(function(directiveInfo) {
                        // components have controller, controllerAs and restrict:'E'
                        return directiveInfo.controller && directiveInfo.controllerAs && directiveInfo.restrict === 'E';
                    });
                    // check if valid directives found
                    if (candidateDirectives.length === 0) {
                        throw new Error('No component found');
                    }
                    if (candidateDirectives.length > 1) {
                        throw new Error('Too many components found');
                    }
                    // get the info of the component
                    var directiveInfo = candidateDirectives[0];
                    return $controller(directiveInfo.controller, locals, bindings, ident || directiveInfo.controllerAs);
                };
            }]
        };
    }];


    /**
     * @ngdoc module
     * @name ngMock
     * @packageName angular-mocks
     * @description
     *
     * # ngMock
     *
     * The `ngMock` module provides support to inject and mock Angular services into unit tests.
     * In addition, ngMock also extends various core ng services such that they can be
     * inspected and controlled in a synchronous manner within test code.
     *
     *
     * <div doc-module-components="ngMock"></div>
     *
     */
    angular.module('ngMock', ['ng']).provider({
        $browser: angular.mock.$BrowserProvider,
        $exceptionHandler: angular.mock.$ExceptionHandlerProvider,
        $log: angular.mock.$LogProvider,
        $interval: angular.mock.$IntervalProvider,
        $httpBackend: angular.mock.$HttpBackendProvider,
        $rootElement: angular.mock.$RootElementProvider,
        $componentController: angular.mock.$ComponentControllerProvider
    }).config(['$provide', function($provide) {
        $provide.decorator('$timeout', angular.mock.$TimeoutDecorator);
        $provide.decorator('$$rAF', angular.mock.$RAFDecorator);
        $provide.decorator('$rootScope', angular.mock.$RootScopeDecorator);
        $provide.decorator('$controller', angular.mock.$ControllerDecorator);
    }]);

    /**
     * @ngdoc module
     * @name ngMockE2E
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @packageName angular-mocks
     * @description
     *
     * The `ngMockE2E` is an angular module which contains mocks suitable for end-to-end testing.
     * Currently there is only one mock present in this module -
     * the {@link ngMockE2E.$httpBackend e2e $httpBackend} mock.
     */
    angular.module('ngMockE2E', ['ng']).config(['$provide', function($provide) {
        $provide.decorator('$httpBackend', angular.mock.e2e.$httpBackendDecorator);
    }]);

    /**
     * @ngdoc service
     * @name $httpBackend
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Fake HTTP backend implementation suitable for end-to-end testing or backend-less development of
     * applications that use the {@link ng.$http $http service}.
     *
     * *Note*: For fake http backend implementation suitable for unit testing please see
     * {@link ngMock.$httpBackend unit-testing $httpBackend mock}.
     *
     * This implementation can be used to respond with static or dynamic responses via the `when` api
     * and its shortcuts (`whenGET`, `whenPOST`, etc) and optionally pass through requests to the
     * real $httpBackend for specific requests (e.g. to interact with certain remote apis or to fetch
     * templates from a webserver).
     *
     * As opposed to unit-testing, in an end-to-end testing scenario or in scenario when an application
     * is being developed with the real backend api replaced with a mock, it is often desirable for
     * certain category of requests to bypass the mock and issue a real http request (e.g. to fetch
     * templates or static files from the webserver). To configure the backend with this behavior
     * use the `passThrough` request handler of `when` instead of `respond`.
     *
     * Additionally, we don't want to manually have to flush mocked out requests like we do during unit
     * testing. For this reason the e2e $httpBackend flushes mocked out requests
     * automatically, closely simulating the behavior of the XMLHttpRequest object.
     *
     * To setup the application to run with this http backend, you have to create a module that depends
     * on the `ngMockE2E` and your application modules and defines the fake backend:
     *
     * ```js
     *   myAppDev = angular.module('myAppDev', ['myApp', 'ngMockE2E']);
     *   myAppDev.run(function($httpBackend) {
 *     phones = [{name: 'phone1'}, {name: 'phone2'}];
 *
 *     // returns the current list of phones
 *     $httpBackend.whenGET('/phones').respond(phones);
 *
 *     // adds a new phone to the phones array
 *     $httpBackend.whenPOST('/phones').respond(function(method, url, data) {
 *       var phone = angular.fromJson(data);
 *       phones.push(phone);
 *       return [200, phone, {}];
 *     });
 *     $httpBackend.whenGET(/^\/templates\//).passThrough();
 *     //...
 *   });
     * ```
     *
     * Afterwards, bootstrap your app with this new module.
     */

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $httpBackend#when
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Creates a new backend definition.
     *
     * @param {string} method HTTP method.
     * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
     *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
     * @param {(string|RegExp)=} data HTTP request body.
     * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers or function that receives http header
     *   object and returns true if the headers match the current definition.
     * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
     *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
     * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
     *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
     *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
     *
     *  - respond â€“
     *    `{function([status,] data[, headers, statusText])
 *    | function(function(method, url, data, headers, params)}`
     *    â€“ The respond method takes a set of static data to be returned or a function that can return
     *    an array containing response status (number), response data (string), response headers
     *    (Object), and the text for the status (string).
     *  - passThrough â€“ `{function()}` â€“ Any request matching a backend definition with
     *    `passThrough` handler will be passed through to the real backend (an XHR request will be made
     *    to the server.)
     *  - Both methods return the `requestHandler` object for possible overrides.
     */

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $httpBackend#whenGET
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Creates a new backend definition for GET requests. For more info see `when()`.
     *
     * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
     *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
     * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
     * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
     *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
     * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
     *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
     *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
     */

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $httpBackend#whenHEAD
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Creates a new backend definition for HEAD requests. For more info see `when()`.
     *
     * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
     *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
     * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
     * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
     *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
     * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
     *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
     *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
     */

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $httpBackend#whenDELETE
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Creates a new backend definition for DELETE requests. For more info see `when()`.
     *
     * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
     *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
     * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
     * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
     *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
     * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
     *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
     *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
     */

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $httpBackend#whenPOST
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Creates a new backend definition for POST requests. For more info see `when()`.
     *
     * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
     *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
     * @param {(string|RegExp)=} data HTTP request body.
     * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
     * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
     *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
     * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
     *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
     *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
     */

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $httpBackend#whenPUT
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Creates a new backend definition for PUT requests.  For more info see `when()`.
     *
     * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
     *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
     * @param {(string|RegExp)=} data HTTP request body.
     * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
     * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
     *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
     * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
     *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
     *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
     */

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $httpBackend#whenPATCH
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Creates a new backend definition for PATCH requests.  For more info see `when()`.
     *
     * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
     *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
     * @param {(string|RegExp)=} data HTTP request body.
     * @param {(Object|function(Object))=} headers HTTP headers.
     * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
     *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
     * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
     *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
     *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
     */

    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $httpBackend#whenJSONP
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Creates a new backend definition for JSONP requests. For more info see `when()`.
     *
     * @param {string|RegExp|function(string)} url HTTP url or function that receives a url
     *   and returns true if the url matches the current definition.
     * @param {(Array)=} keys Array of keys to assign to regex matches in request url described on
     *   {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
     * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
     *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
     *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
     */
    /**
     * @ngdoc method
     * @name $httpBackend#whenRoute
     * @module ngMockE2E
     * @description
     * Creates a new backend definition that compares only with the requested route.
     *
     * @param {string} method HTTP method.
     * @param {string} url HTTP url string that supports colon param matching.
     * @returns {requestHandler} Returns an object with `respond` and `passThrough` methods that
     *   control how a matched request is handled. You can save this object for later use and invoke
     *   `respond` or `passThrough` again in order to change how a matched request is handled.
     */
    angular.mock.e2e = {};
    angular.mock.e2e.$httpBackendDecorator =
        ['$rootScope', '$timeout', '$delegate', '$browser', createHttpBackendMock];


    /**
     * @ngdoc type
     * @name $rootScope.Scope
     * @module ngMock
     * @description
     * {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope Scope} type decorated with helper methods useful for testing. These
     * methods are automatically available on any {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope Scope} instance when
     * `ngMock` module is loaded.
     *
     * In addition to all the regular `Scope` methods, the following helper methods are available:
     */
    angular.mock.$RootScopeDecorator = ['$delegate', function($delegate) {

        var $rootScopePrototype = Object.getPrototypeOf($delegate);

        $rootScopePrototype.$countChildScopes = countChildScopes;
        $rootScopePrototype.$countWatchers = countWatchers;

        return $delegate;

        // ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ //

        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $rootScope.Scope#$countChildScopes
         * @module ngMock
         * @description
         * Counts all the direct and indirect child scopes of the current scope.
         *
         * The current scope is excluded from the count. The count includes all isolate child scopes.
         *
         * @returns {number} Total number of child scopes.
         */
        function countChildScopes() {
            // jshint validthis: true
            var count = 0; // exclude the current scope
            var pendingChildHeads = [this.$$childHead];
            var currentScope;

            while (pendingChildHeads.length) {
                currentScope = pendingChildHeads.shift();

                while (currentScope) {
                    count += 1;
                    pendingChildHeads.push(currentScope.$$childHead);
                    currentScope = currentScope.$$nextSibling;
                }
            }

            return count;
        }


        /**
         * @ngdoc method
         * @name $rootScope.Scope#$countWatchers
         * @module ngMock
         * @description
         * Counts all the watchers of direct and indirect child scopes of the current scope.
         *
         * The watchers of the current scope are included in the count and so are all the watchers of
         * isolate child scopes.
         *
         * @returns {number} Total number of watchers.
         */
        function countWatchers() {
            // jshint validthis: true
            var count = this.$$watchers ? this.$$watchers.length : 0; // include the current scope
            var pendingChildHeads = [this.$$childHead];
            var currentScope;

            while (pendingChildHeads.length) {
                currentScope = pendingChildHeads.shift();

                while (currentScope) {
                    count += currentScope.$$watchers ? currentScope.$$watchers.length : 0;
                    pendingChildHeads.push(currentScope.$$childHead);
                    currentScope = currentScope.$$nextSibling;
                }
            }

            return count;
        }
    }];


    if (window.jasmine || window.mocha) {

        var currentSpec = null,
            annotatedFunctions = [],
            isSpecRunning = function() {
                return !!currentSpec;
            };

        angular.mock.$$annotate = angular.injector.$$annotate;
        angular.injector.$$annotate = function(fn) {
            if (typeof fn === 'function' && !fn.$inject) {
                annotatedFunctions.push(fn);
            }
            return angular.mock.$$annotate.apply(this, arguments);
        };


        (window.beforeEach || window.setup)(function() {
            annotatedFunctions = [];
            currentSpec = this;
        });

        (window.afterEach || window.teardown)(function() {
            var injector = currentSpec.$injector;

            annotatedFunctions.forEach(function(fn) {
                delete fn.$inject;
            });

            angular.forEach(currentSpec.$modules, function(module) {
                if (module && module.$$hashKey) {
                    module.$$hashKey = undefined;
                }
            });

            currentSpec.$injector = null;
            currentSpec.$modules = null;
            currentSpec.$providerInjector = null;
            currentSpec = null;

            if (injector) {
                injector.get('$rootElement').off();
                injector.get('$rootScope').$destroy();
            }

            // clean up jquery's fragment cache
            angular.forEach(angular.element.fragments, function(val, key) {
                delete angular.element.fragments[key];
            });

            MockXhr.$$lastInstance = null;

            angular.forEach(angular.callbacks, function(val, key) {
                delete angular.callbacks[key];
            });
            angular.callbacks.counter = 0;
        });

        /**
         * @ngdoc function
         * @name angular.mock.module
         * @description
         *
         * *NOTE*: This function is also published on window for easy access.<br>
         * *NOTE*: This function is declared ONLY WHEN running tests with jasmine or mocha
         *
         * This function registers a module configuration code. It collects the configuration information
         * which will be used when the injector is created by {@link angular.mock.inject inject}.
         *
         * See {@link angular.mock.inject inject} for usage example
         *
         * @param {...(string|Function|Object)} fns any number of modules which are represented as string
         *        aliases or as anonymous module initialization functions. The modules are used to
         *        configure the injector. The 'ng' and 'ngMock' modules are automatically loaded. If an
         *        object literal is passed each key-value pair will be registered on the module via
         *        {@link auto.$provide $provide}.value, the key being the string name (or token) to associate
         *        with the value on the injector.
         */
        window.module = angular.mock.module = function() {
            var moduleFns = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0);
            return isSpecRunning() ? workFn() : workFn;
            /////////////////////
            function workFn() {
                if (currentSpec.$injector) {
                    throw new Error('Injector already created, can not register a module!');
                } else {
                    var fn, modules = currentSpec.$modules || (currentSpec.$modules = []);
                    angular.forEach(moduleFns, function(module) {
                        if (angular.isObject(module) && !angular.isArray(module)) {
                            fn = function($provide) {
                                angular.forEach(module, function(value, key) {
                                    $provide.value(key, value);
                                });
                            };
                        } else {
                            fn = module;
                        }
                        if (currentSpec.$providerInjector) {
                            currentSpec.$providerInjector.invoke(fn);
                        } else {
                            modules.push(fn);
                        }
                    });
                }
            }
        };

        /**
         * @ngdoc function
         * @name angular.mock.inject
         * @description
         *
         * *NOTE*: This function is also published on window for easy access.<br>
         * *NOTE*: This function is declared ONLY WHEN running tests with jasmine or mocha
         *
         * The inject function wraps a function into an injectable function. The inject() creates new
         * instance of {@link auto.$injector $injector} per test, which is then used for
         * resolving references.
         *
         *
         * ## Resolving References (Underscore Wrapping)
         * Often, we would like to inject a reference once, in a `beforeEach()` block and reuse this
         * in multiple `it()` clauses. To be able to do this we must assign the reference to a variable
         * that is declared in the scope of the `describe()` block. Since we would, most likely, want
         * the variable to have the same name of the reference we have a problem, since the parameter
         * to the `inject()` function would hide the outer variable.
         *
         * To help with this, the injected parameters can, optionally, be enclosed with underscores.
         * These are ignored by the injector when the reference name is resolved.
         *
         * For example, the parameter `_myService_` would be resolved as the reference `myService`.
         * Since it is available in the function body as _myService_, we can then assign it to a variable
         * defined in an outer scope.
         *
         * ```
         * // Defined out reference variable outside
         * var myService;
         *
         * // Wrap the parameter in underscores
         * beforeEach( inject( function(_myService_){
   *   myService = _myService_;
   * }));
         *
         * // Use myService in a series of tests.
         * it('makes use of myService', function() {
   *   myService.doStuff();
   * });
         *
         * ```
         *
         * See also {@link angular.mock.module angular.mock.module}
         *
         * ## Example
         * Example of what a typical jasmine tests looks like with the inject method.
         * ```js
         *
         *   angular.module('myApplicationModule', [])
         *       .value('mode', 'app')
         *       .value('version', 'v1.0.1');
         *
         *
         *   describe('MyApp', function() {
   *
   *     // You need to load modules that you want to test,
   *     // it loads only the "ng" module by default.
   *     beforeEach(module('myApplicationModule'));
   *
   *
   *     // inject() is used to inject arguments of all given functions
   *     it('should provide a version', inject(function(mode, version) {
   *       expect(version).toEqual('v1.0.1');
   *       expect(mode).toEqual('app');
   *     }));
   *
   *
   *     // The inject and module method can also be used inside of the it or beforeEach
   *     it('should override a version and test the new version is injected', function() {
   *       // module() takes functions or strings (module aliases)
   *       module(function($provide) {
   *         $provide.value('version', 'overridden'); // override version here
   *       });
   *
   *       inject(function(version) {
   *         expect(version).toEqual('overridden');
   *       });
   *     });
   *   });
         *
         * ```
         *
         * @param {...Function} fns any number of functions which will be injected using the injector.
         */



        var ErrorAddingDeclarationLocationStack = function(e, errorForStack) {
            this.message = e.message;
            this.name = e.name;
            if (e.line) this.line = e.line;
            if (e.sourceId) this.sourceId = e.sourceId;
            if (e.stack && errorForStack)
                this.stack = e.stack + '\n' + errorForStack.stack;
            if (e.stackArray) this.stackArray = e.stackArray;
        };
        ErrorAddingDeclarationLocationStack.prototype.toString = Error.prototype.toString;

        window.inject = angular.mock.inject = function() {
            var blockFns = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 0);
            var errorForStack = new Error('Declaration Location');
            return isSpecRunning() ? workFn.call(currentSpec) : workFn;
            /////////////////////
            function workFn() {
                var modules = currentSpec.$modules || [];
                var strictDi = !!currentSpec.$injectorStrict;
                modules.unshift(function($injector) {
                    currentSpec.$providerInjector = $injector;
                });
                modules.unshift('ngMock');
                modules.unshift('ng');
                var injector = currentSpec.$injector;
                if (!injector) {
                    if (strictDi) {
                        // If strictDi is enabled, annotate the providerInjector blocks
                        angular.forEach(modules, function(moduleFn) {
                            if (typeof moduleFn === "function") {
                                angular.injector.$$annotate(moduleFn);
                            }
                        });
                    }
                    injector = currentSpec.$injector = angular.injector(modules, strictDi);
                    currentSpec.$injectorStrict = strictDi;
                }
                for (var i = 0, ii = blockFns.length; i < ii; i++) {
                    if (currentSpec.$injectorStrict) {
                        // If the injector is strict / strictDi, and the spec wants to inject using automatic
                        // annotation, then annotate the function here.
                        injector.annotate(blockFns[i]);
                    }
                    try {
                        /* jshint -W040 *//* Jasmine explicitly provides a `this` object when calling functions */
                        injector.invoke(blockFns[i] || angular.noop, this);
                        /* jshint +W040 */
                    } catch (e) {
                        if (e.stack && errorForStack) {
                            throw new ErrorAddingDeclarationLocationStack(e, errorForStack);
                        }
                        throw e;
                    } finally {
                        errorForStack = null;
                    }
                }
            }
        };


        angular.mock.inject.strictDi = function(value) {
            value = arguments.length ? !!value : true;
            return isSpecRunning() ? workFn() : workFn;

            function workFn() {
                if (value !== currentSpec.$injectorStrict) {
                    if (currentSpec.$injector) {
                        throw new Error('Injector already created, can not modify strict annotations');
                    } else {
                        currentSpec.$injectorStrict = value;
                    }
                }
            }
        };
    }


})(window, window.angular);
